前言：看了书上两个使用C#4.0并行编程的demo，又对照以前收藏的网上几篇讲述线程池的雄文，一并整理，写个示例总结一下。写这篇文章的时候，发现关于线程的好几个基础的重要的知识点自己都不熟悉，而且可能习惯性认知浅薄，所以痛苦的无以复加，不知道到底要说什么。不想看文章的可以直接下载最后的示例，本文代码主要参考Marc Clifton的“.NET's ThreadPool Class - Behind The Scenes”，对新手也许有帮助。

　　参考：

　　http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/system.threading.threadpool(VS.80).ASPx

　　http://www.codeproject.com/KB/threads/threadtests.ASPx

　　http://www.codeproject.com/KB/threads/smartthreadpool.ASPx

　　http://blog.zhaojie.me/2009/07/thread-pool-1-the-goal-and-the-clr-thread-pool.html  （老赵的浅谈线程池上中下三篇）

　　先大概看一下控制台应用程序的Main方法的主要代码：

        static bool done = false;
        static decimal count2 = 0;
        static int threadDone = 0;//标志启用线程数?
        static System.Timers.Timer timer = new System.Timers.Timer(1000);

        static decimal[] threadPoolCounters = new decimal[10];
        static Thread[] threads = new Thread[10];
        static System.Timers.Timer[] threadTimers = new System.Timers.Timer[10];

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            timer.Stop();
            /*当 AutoReset 设置为 false 时，Timer 只在第一个 Interval 过后引发一次 Elapsed 事件。
             若要保持以 Interval 时间间隔引发 Elapsed 事件，请将 AutoReset 设置为 true。*/
            timer.AutoReset = false;
            timer.Elapsed += new ElapsedEventHandler(OnTimerEvent);//当timer.Start()时，触发事件
            decimal total = 0;

            // raw test
            decimal count1 = SingleThreadTest();//单一线程，一跑到底
            Console.WriteLine("Single thread count = " + count1.ToString());

            // create one thread, increment counter, destroy thread, repeat
            Console.WriteLine();
            CreateAndDestroyTest();//创建一个线程，运算，然后销毁该线程 重复前面的动作
            Console.WriteLine("Create and destroy per count = " + count2.ToString());

            // Create 10 threads and run them simultaneously
            //一次性创建10个线程，然后遍历使线程执行运算
            Console.WriteLine();
            InitThreadPoolCounters();
            InitThreads();
            StartThreads();
            while (threadDone != 10) { };
            Console.WriteLine("10 simultaneous threads:");
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("T" + i.ToString() + " = " + threadPoolCounters[i].ToString() + "   ");
                total += threadPoolCounters[i];
            }
            Console.WriteLine("Total = " + total.ToString());
            Console.WriteLine();

            Console.WriteLine("///////////////////////////////////////////////////");

            // using ThreadPool
            //直接通过线程池的QueueUserWorkItem方法，按队列执行10个任务
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("ThreadPool:");
            InitThreadPoolCounters();
            QueueThreadPoolThreads();
            while (threadDone != 10) { };
            Console.WriteLine("ThreadPool: 10 simultaneous threads:");
            total = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            {
                //                threadTimers[i].Stop();
                //                threadTimers[i].Dispose();
                Console.WriteLine("T" + i.ToString() + " = " + threadPoolCounters[i].ToString() + "   ");
                total += threadPoolCounters[i];
            }
            Console.WriteLine("Total = " + total.ToString());

            // using SmartThreadPool
            //通过Amir Bar的SmartThreadPool线程池，利用QueueUserWorkItem方法，按队列执行10个任务
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("SmartThreadPool:");
            InitThreadPoolCounters();
            QueueSmartThreadPoolThreads();
            while (threadDone != 10) { };
            Console.WriteLine("SmartThreadPool: 10 simultaneous threads:");
            total = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("T" + i.ToString() + " = " + threadPoolCounters[i].ToString() + "   ");
                total += threadPoolCounters[i];
            }
            Console.WriteLine("Total = " + total.ToString());

            // using ManagedThreadPool
            //通过Stephen Toub改进后的线程池，利用QueueUserWorkItem方法，按队列执行10个任务
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("ManagedThreadPool:");
            InitThreadPoolCounters();
            QueueManagedThreadPoolThreads();
            while (threadDone != 10) { };
            Console.WriteLine("ManagedThreadPool: 10 simultaneous threads:");
            total = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("T" + i.ToString() + " = " + threadPoolCounters[i].ToString() + "   ");
                total += threadPoolCounters[i];
            }
            Console.WriteLine("Total = " + total.ToString());

            // using C#4.0 Parallel
            //通过Tasks.Parallel.For进行并行运算
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Parallel:");
            InitThreadPoolCounters();
            UseParallelTasks();
            while (threadDone != 10) { };
            Console.WriteLine("Parallel: 10 simultaneous threads:");
            total = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("T" + i.ToString() + " = " + threadPoolCounters[i].ToString() + "   ");
                total += threadPoolCounters[i];
            }
            Console.WriteLine("Total = " + total.ToString());
        }        

        

        
        
      
        
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